Melanoma Stem Cells

Causes of Melanoma Stem Cells

The exact cause of melanoma is not fully understood. Melanoma occurs when melanocytes mutate in their DNA, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division. These cells form tumors on the skin, which can spread to other parts of the body.

Melanoma is considered the most dangerous form of skin cancer, as it has a higher likelihood of spreading (metastasizing) to other organs if not caught early. One of the primary risk factors for developing melanoma is excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Individuals with fair skin, a history of severe sunburns, or a family history of melanoma are at greater risk. Preventative measures, such as wearing sunscreen and avoiding excessive sun exposure, can reduce the risk of developing this form of cancer.

Treatment options for melanoma depend on the stage of the disease. Early-stage melanomas are often treated with surgical removal of the tumor, while advanced melanomas may require immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or radiation therapy. New therapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF inhibitors, are showing promise in treating advanced melanoma by boosting the immune system or targeting specific genetic mutations in the cancer cells.